30x30: America the Beautiful initiative

“The America the Beautiful initiative reflects an inherently pragmatic approach that puts people at the center and outlines an inclusive and collaborative vision where locally led efforts to conserve, steward, and restore lands and waters will help us reach our shared goals.” — Secretary Deb Haaland 

As directed by President Biden’s Executive Order 14008, Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad, the Department of the Interior has partnered with agencies across the federal government to advance an inclusive and collaborative conservation vision.

• PART I — Putting the climate crisis at the center of United States foreign policy & national security. EO 14008: Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad (2021) | Department of Energy
• Directed the U.S. Departments of the Interior, Agriculture, Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and Council on Environmental Quality to gather input from a wide range of stakeholders on how to develop an ambitious and inclusive national conservation effort that honors America’s conservation traditions.
• SECURING ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE AND SPURRING ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY
  Sec. 219. Policy. To secure an equitable economic future, the United States must ensure that environmental and economic justice are key considerations in how we govern. That means investing and building a clean energy economy that creates well-paying union jobs, turning disadvantaged communities—historically marginalized and overburdened—into healthy, thriving communities, and undertaking robust actions to mitigate climate change while preparing for the impacts of climate change across rural, urban, and Tribal areas.

30x30 is defined as a goal to have 30% of the land in America designated as Public by 2030.  This is parallel to the goals of the High Ambition Coalition (HAC) for Nature and People, is an intergovernmental group of more than 115 countries united by a shared ambition to implement the global goal of effectively conserving and managing at least 30 percent of the world’s land and ocean by 2030.  "118 Countries, One Planet, One Goal – To deliver 30×30" 

Key characteristics of Presidential Executive Orders:

• Remain in force until they are canceled, revoked, adjudicated unlawful, or expire on their terms.
  
• There is no obvious or direct permission in the United States Constitution for executive orders.
  • Article II, Section 1, Clause 1 of the Constitution: "The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America." 
  • Sections 2 and 3 further details the Presidential powers & duties
  •  "He shall take care that the Laws be faithfully executed"
• However, a 1986 ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court, about Presidential Executive Orders declared they must be supported by the Constitution either by
  • A clause granting specific power
  • Congress delegating such power to the executive branch.
• Congress did offer some clarification in March 2021 R46738 (congress.gov)
  • Judicial Review of Executive Orders. Courts sometimes review the legality of executive orders. For example, a court may determine whether the President may act at all.
  • Although executive orders can be flexible and powerful, they can also be impermanent because a later President can, generally, revoke or modify any previously issued executive order with which he disagrees. 
  • Similarly, Congress may nullify the legal effect of an executive order issued pursuant to power that it delegated to the President.

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